This Chapter on National Income Accounting needs memory skills,Understanding and application skills.All the three approaches are required to make NIA a cake walk.
Before starting you must know a bit about Factor Income,Transfer Income,Final Goods,Intermediate Goods etc.
First thing is to learn all the methods.This require cramming of farmules.This can be done by Practice.
Some Golden Rules-:
MP=FC+NIT :NIT=INDIRECT TAX-SUBSIDIES
FC=MP-NIT
GROSS=NET+DEPRECIATION :DEP=CONSUMPTION OF FIXED CAPITAL
NET=GROSS-DEPRECIATION
NATIONAL=DOMESTIC+NFIFA :NFIFA=FIFA-FITA
DOMESTIC=NATIONAL-NFIFA
So GNPmp=NDPfc+Dep+NFIFA+NIT
or
NDPfc=GNPmp-Dep-NFIFA-NIT
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After remembering above rules now various methods of estimating National Income.
Income method-:The first step is to determine NDPfc
NDPfc=Compensation of employees + operating surplus + mixed Income
Compensation of employees=Wages and salaries + Employers contribution to social security
Operating surplus=Rent + interest + Profits + Royalty(if given)
After determining NDPfc determine NNPfc
NNPfc=NDPfc+NFIFA
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Expenditure Method
The first step is to determine GDPmp
GDPmp=Private final consumption expenditure + Government final consumption expenditure + Gross domestic capital Formation + Net Exports
Gross Domestic Capital formation may not be given directly then you have to make it.
If NDCF is given use given below method
GDCF=Net domestic capital formation + Depreciation
If ND Fixed CF is given use given below method
GDCF=Net domestic fixed capital formation + Depreciation + Change in stock
If GD Fixed CF is given use given below method
GDCF=Gross domestic fixed capital formation + Change in stock
or
GDCF=Gross business fixed Investment + Gross residential construction + Gross Public Investment + Change in stock
Net exports=Exports - Imports
So after determining GDPmp
NNPfc=GDPmp - Dep + NFIFA - NIT
Before starting you must know a bit about Factor Income,Transfer Income,Final Goods,Intermediate Goods etc.
First thing is to learn all the methods.This require cramming of farmules.This can be done by Practice.
Some Golden Rules-:
MP=FC+NIT :NIT=INDIRECT TAX-SUBSIDIES
FC=MP-NIT
GROSS=NET+DEPRECIATION :DEP=CONSUMPTION OF FIXED CAPITAL
NET=GROSS-DEPRECIATION
NATIONAL=DOMESTIC+NFIFA :NFIFA=FIFA-FITA
DOMESTIC=NATIONAL-NFIFA
So GNPmp=NDPfc+Dep+NFIFA+NIT
or
NDPfc=GNPmp-Dep-NFIFA-NIT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After remembering above rules now various methods of estimating National Income.
Income method-:The first step is to determine NDPfc
NDPfc=Compensation of employees + operating surplus + mixed Income
Compensation of employees=Wages and salaries + Employers contribution to social security
Operating surplus=Rent + interest + Profits + Royalty(if given)
After determining NDPfc determine NNPfc
NNPfc=NDPfc+NFIFA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expenditure Method
The first step is to determine GDPmp
GDPmp=Private final consumption expenditure + Government final consumption expenditure + Gross domestic capital Formation + Net Exports
Gross Domestic Capital formation may not be given directly then you have to make it.
If NDCF is given use given below method
GDCF=Net domestic capital formation + Depreciation
If ND Fixed CF is given use given below method
GDCF=Net domestic fixed capital formation + Depreciation + Change in stock
If GD Fixed CF is given use given below method
GDCF=Gross domestic fixed capital formation + Change in stock
or
GDCF=Gross business fixed Investment + Gross residential construction + Gross Public Investment + Change in stock
Net exports=Exports - Imports
So after determining GDPmp
NNPfc=GDPmp - Dep + NFIFA - NIT
methods ka explanation bhi post kar dijye
ReplyDeletecould u please expand NFIFA FIFA FITA
ReplyDeletenfifa - net factor income from abroad
ReplyDeletefifa- factor income from abroad
fita- factor income to abroad
Why does summation of sectors in product method gives NDPMP. and in income method it gives GNPFc
ReplyDeleteCan anyone please explain the Product Method.?
ReplyDelete